ORCINTECH Online Courses

Introduction to Subsea Pipeline Engineering

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Full bundle includes about 750 minutes recorded video courses with design examples

Introduction
Pipeline Route Selection
Flow Assurance and Hydraulic Sizing
Pressure Containment and Wall Thickness
Local Buckling and System Collapse
On-Bottom Stability
Free Spans
Material Selection and Pipe Fabrication
Thermal Expansion
OPEX / CAPEX and Sizing
Lateral and Upheaval Buckling
Pipeline Geotechnics

1.Introduction

Outline and outcome
- A brief history of subsea pipeline
- Comparative economic of transportation methods
- Subsea pipeline applications
  - Subsea pipeline content
  - Key features
  - Rigid pipelines
  - Pipeline bundles
  - Flexible risers
- Subsea line pipe common features
- Design sequence
  - Conceptual studies
  - Basic design
  - Detailed design
  - Installation engineering
- Common pipeline analyses
- Pipelaying methods
- Common vessels involved in the installation

Applications
Engineering and design
Installation4

2.Pipeline Route Selection

Outline and outcome
- Basic concepts
- Route overriding factors
  - Water depth
  - Environmental loads
  - Seabed condition
  - Prohibited zones
  - Political impacts
  - Crossing other facilities and operations
  - Unique environments
  - Shore crossing characteristics
  - Installation constraints
- Route survey planning
  - Routine date requirements
- Route optimization
Route selection

3.Flow Assurance and Hydraulic Sizing

Outline and outcome
- Flow assurance overview
- Phase envelope
- Fluid physical types
- Operational problems
- Flow assurance methodologies
- Heat transfer
- Hydraulic design objectives
- Pipeline sizing
  - Key parameters
  - Key criteria
  - Pressure loss
  - Pressure loss correlation
  - Instance friction factors
  - Ideal and real gases
  - Pumping power and surge pressure
  - Single-phase and multiphase flows
Flow assurance
Hydraulic design Examples

4.Pressure Containment and Wall-Thickness Calculation

Outline and outcome
- Different load types
- Internal pressure
- Hoop stress
  - Thin-walled pipes (Polar coordinate)
  - Thin-walled pipes (Cartesian Coordinate)
  - Thin-walled pipes (Design Practice)
  - Thin-walled pipes
- Wall thickness-Design code requirements
- Design philosophies
  - Working stress design
  - Limit state design
  - Ultimate limit state
  - Serviceability limit state
  - Fatigue limit state
  - Accidental limit state
- Hoop stress and wall thickness calculation
Pressure containment and wall thickness
Design approaches
Wall-thickness calculation examples

5.Local Buckling and System Collapse

Outline and outcome
- Local buckling
- Local buckling scenarios
- Elastic collapse due to external pressure
  - Basic theory
  - Practical considerations
- System collapse-External overpressure only
- Propagation buckling-External overpressure only
  - Propagation prevention strategies
  - Propagation studies
  - Buckle arrestor design
- Local buckling-Combined loading criteria
  - Design load effects
  - Load controlled – Internal overpressure
  - Load controlled – External overpressure
  - Displacement controlled – Internal overpressure
  - Displacement controlled – External overpressure
  - Design examples
Theory and practice

6.On-Bottom Stability

Outline and outcome
- Stability fundamentals
- Instability consequences
- Prevention techniques
- Loading and resistance
- Basic theoretical stability design
- Morison’s equation
- Practical considerations
- Dynamic stability analysis
  - Target failure probability
  - Load combinations
  - Current conditions
  - Short term wave conditions
  - Wave directionality and spreading
  - Hydrodynamic load reduction due to permeable seabed
  - Hydrodynamic load reduction due to pipe penetration into the seabed
  - Hydrodynamic load reduction due to trenching
  - Passive soil resistance
  - Soil piping
  - Design criteria
  - Safety factors
  - Stability fundamentals
  - Design Examples

7.Free Spans

Outline and outcome
- Free span and potential sources
- Prediction of spanning
- Free span failure modes
- Free span design load cases
- Free span analysis, software, output
- Route preparation
- Self burial, scour
- Basic theoretical concept
- Flow around a cylinder
- Overview of engineering guideline
- Review of a Design Code
- Design Examples

8.Material Selection and Pipe Fabrication

Material selection philosophy
Material selection in project
Important material types
Design codes and standards
Manufacturing methods
Line pipe properties
Pipeline fittings
Low temperature services
Sour services
Corrosion resistance
Pipeline welding

9.Thermal Expansion

Thermal expansion
Longitudinal strain
Full axial restraint boundary condition
Free end restraint boundary condition
Partial axial restraint boundary condition
Thermal expansion loops
Design Examples

10.OPEX/CAPEX and Sizing

Review of a full sizing example with balancing the OPEX and CAPEX
This sub-topic is built upon earlier sub-topics
Comprehensive Design Example

11.Lateral and Upheaval Buckling

Global buckling
- Column buckling
- Driving force
- Design conditions
General design approach
Upheaval buckling
- Classical approach
- Finite element analysis
- Engineering consideration
- Mitigation Schemes
Lateral buckling
- Initiation strategy
- Classical approach
- Cyclic operation
- Mitigation Schemes
Design Examples

12.Pipeline Geotechnics

Overview
Geotechnical parameters
Pipeline embedment
- Soil loading during installation
- Pipe penetration analysis
- Pipe penetration under cyclic loads
- Lateral resistance of partially embedded pipe
- Axial resistance of partially embedded pipe
Pipeline trenching
- Popular trenching techniques
- Engineering challenges
- Ploughing
Properties of trench backfills
- Natural infill
- Mechanical backfill
- Backfill by jetting
Axial and transverse response of buried pipelines
Thermal properties of soil
- Measuring Thermal Conductivity
- Empirical Methods for Determining Conductivity
- Selection of Thermal Conductivity
Physical modeling of pipe-soil interaction
Numerical modeling of pipe-soil interaction
Structural pipe-soil interaction FEA
Continuum pipe-soil interaction FEA

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